Thirty-five libraries, 300,000 manuscripts: Timbuktu, 1591 to 2016
Morocco took Timbuktu in 1591 and exiled its scholars in 1594. In 2016 the ICC sentenced Al Mahdi for ten sites wrecked in 2012. The books are online.
· 1591Every article on the site, newest first. For the same list in order of time, see the timeline.
Morocco took Timbuktu in 1591 and exiled its scholars in 1594. In 2016 the ICC sentenced Al Mahdi for ten sites wrecked in 2012. The books are online.
· 1591The East India Company ordered Ajanta's paintings copied in 1844. Gill's canvases burned at the Crystal Palace in 1866; Griffiths recopied them, 1873-1885.
· AD 470Eleven detainees died at Hola Camp, Kenya, on March 3, 1959. Nairobi blamed a water cart; the inquest found violence. Hansard 1959 to files opened in 2014.
· 1959A Chisso doctor reported an unknown nervous disease on May 1, 1956. Japan named methylmercury from the plant in 1968; a mercury treaty followed in 2013.
· 1956An IAEA table printed in 1998 counts 456 Soviet nuclear tests at Semipalatinsk from August 29, 1949; the site closed in August 1991, a date the UN kept.
· 1949A 2017 PNAS paper dated ten dams and the Tangshan Levee at Liangzhu to 5,200–4,800 years ago, older than the 300 ha walled city they protected.
· 3000 BCAt Jwalapuram in Andhra Pradesh, Middle Paleolithic tools lie under and over the 74,000-year Toba ash. Papers from 2007 to 2025 argue what the eruption did
· 72,000 BCGrahame Clark dug Star Carr three weeks a summer, 1949 to 1951. Excavations of 2004 to 2015 recounted the finds and dated a posthole hollow to 9300 BC.
· 9300 BCAt 22:28:34 Moscow time on October 4, 1957, an R-7 rocket from Tyuratam put an 83.6-kilogram sphere into orbit. Its beeps lasted three weeks.
· 1957Powder from 61 skeletal samples at the Rakhigarhi cemetery gave one usable ancient genome. Cell published it on September 5, 2019, with no Steppe ancestry.
· 2500 BCThe Act of July 1, 1862, paid two railroads in bonds and land by the mile. On May 10, 1869, the rails met at Promontory Summit and a telegraph sent "DONE."
· 1869Thunberg put Dejima at about 600 feet by 120. Nagasaki merchants built it in 1634–1636 and let it to the Dutch East India Company from 1641 to 1859.
· 1641Seventeen Olmec colossal heads are known, from San Lorenzo, La Venta and Tres Zapotes; the first was found in 1862, the last at San Lorenzo in May 1994.
· 1000 BCSeeds of a water plant dated human footprints at White Sands, New Mexico, to 23,000 to 21,000 years; pollen, quartz and lake mud were tested against them.
· 21,000 BCApril 1, 1960: the Security Council deplored, 9 to 0 with France and Britain abstaining, policies behind the Sharpeville shooting of March 21 (69 dead).
· 1960On June 3, 1992 the High Court of Australia held six to one that Meriam native title to Mer survived annexation; terra nullius had no place in its law.
· 1992In 1934 Folke Bergman counted 120 coffins by the Small River. A 2021 Nature study of 18 genomes found the Tarim mummies had no western ancestry.
· 1900 BCEarthwork terraces cover an estimated 20 percent of Babeldaob, Palau, built about 500 BC to AD 650 and left by about AD 1000 for coastal villages of stone.
· AD 200In 1896–97 Solomon Schechter emptied the Ben Ezra Synagogue's geniza in Fustat. Cambridge counts 193,000 fragments, Bible leaves to a Maimonides letter.
· 1100Arakel of Tabriz dated the Julfa deportation to October 21 to November 19, 1604. Its merchants rebuilt across from Isfahan in 1605; a press came in 1636.
· 1605A Franciscan friar entered the Mongol capital on May 7, 1254, sized it against a village near Paris, and described a silver fountain and Mongke's creed.
· 1254Rawson's ultimatum to Khalid bin Barghash ran out at nine on August 27, 1896. Lyne, a Zanzibar official, timed the bombardment at thirty-seven minutes.
· 1896Hunter-gatherers moved nearly 2 million cubic yards of earth at Poverty Point, Louisiana, 1700–1100 BC; Mound A took up to 15.5 million basket loads.
· 1500 BCDarwin's diary says the 1,250 copies of the Origin sold on publication day, November 24, 1859; Murray's trade sale had already taken orders for 1,500.
· 1859