Every article on the site, newest first. For the same list in order of time, see the timeline.
The Archaeological Survey of India dates the Qutb Minar to 1199; a metallurgist traces its courtyard iron pillar to Udayagiri, centuries earlier.
· 1199Rukn al-Din Khurshah surrendered to Hülegü on November 19, 1256. Juvayni, Hülegü's secretary, then sorted the Alamut library, keeping some books and burning the rest.
· 1256Kathleen Kenyon found an 8.2-meter stone tower at Jericho in the 1950s. Four named scholars still give four different reasons for why it was built.
· 8000 BCIn 1939 Basil Brown excavated a 27-meter ship burial at Sutton Hoo for Edith Pretty; an inquest gave the find to her, who gave it to the British Museum.
· AD 625A minaret collapsed at Bukhara around 1121-22 and destroyed two-thirds of a new mosque. Arslan Khan Mohammad's replacement, 48 meters high, rose in 1127.
· 1127A fire started outside Istanbul's Cibali gate on September 2, 1633, and burned a fifth of the city. The same day, Murad IV ordered the coffeehouses shut.
· 1633Hormuzd Rassam dug the Cyrus Cylinder out of Babylon in 1879. The British Museum reads it as a building text; in 1971 it became a human rights symbol.
· 539 BCThe Sher-Dor madrasa in Samarkand carries a portal mosaic of a beast chasing deer under a human-faced sun, built for governor Yalangtush Bahadur by 1636.
· 1636The New Zealand steamer Talune carried influenza to Western Samoa in November 1918. American Samoa's quarantine held, and Western Samoa lost a fifth of its people.
· 1918On April 5 and 6, 1660, Khoekhoe leaders at Table Bay asked the Dutch East India Company who should give way on their land. A wild-almond hedge followed.
· 1652Seiichi Izumi's University of Tokyo team dug up two crossed-hands clay reliefs at Kotosh, Peru, in 1960 and 1963; sources disagree on their age.
· 2000 BCDavid Burley calls the Haʻamonga ʻa Maui trilithon at Heketa the most impressive commemorative site on Tongatapu, its uprights tied to the 11th Tuʻi Tonga's two sons.
· 1200INAH says Bonampak's Structure 1 has three rooms from c. 790-792 showing an heir, a battle with captives, and a ceremony, unseen by outsiders until 1946.
· AD 790A 2026 Ministry of Culture post calls Dholavira's ten-sign gypsum inscription the world's oldest-known signboard, at a city ASI excavated under R.S. Bisht.
· 2500 BCThe Culavamsa says Kassapa fled to Sihagiri, walled it and built a lion staircase. The Central Cultural Fund dates his reign 477 to 495.
· AD 477National Army Museum dates the Battle of Plassey to June 23, 1757. A 1772-73 inquiry then examined the payments Robert Clive took from Mir Jafar.
· 1757An inscription dated April 11, 1593, and a 33-month Omani siege that ended in 1698 mark Fort Jesus, Mombasa, and the frigate that sank offshore in 1697.
· 1696A sponge diver reported "metal biscuits with ears" off Kas in 1982; the Institute of Nautical Archaeology excavated the wreck from 1984 to 1994.
· 1300 BCOrdek forgot a spade at a Lop Nor ruin in March 1900. Going back for it, he found a second site that 1901's documents named Loulan, a Han-era kingdom.
· 1900Cave 17 at Mogao held manuscripts from the 4th to the early 11th century until Wang Yuanlu opened it in 1900. Stein and Pelliot bought much of it from 1907.
· 1000Zheng Zhenxiang excavated Fu Hao's unlooted tomb at Yinxu, Anyang, in 1976; the name inscribed on 109 of its bronzes divided scholars by 1986.
· 1200 BCIn 1142 the Count of Tripoli gave Hisn al-Akrad to the Hospitallers. In 1271 Sultan Baybars took its keep with a forged surrender letter, Ibn al-Furat records.
· 1271In autumn 2011 a Ryukyu University team found a Yuan warship's keel off Takashima, 23 to 25 meters down. A second hull followed in 2014.
· 1281The University of Pretoria Museums calls its gold rhinoceros the only artwork of its kind, found in a royal grave on Mapungubwe Hill in the 1930s.
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