Oceans became highways, gunpowder empires rose, and the scientific revolution began. These articles cover the three centuries in which the world's regions first became one system.
Galileo's Sidereus Nuncius, printed by Baglioni in Venice in 550 copies, reported a rough Moon and four bodies circling Jupiter, seen from January 7, 1610.
· 1610Shah Abbas laid out a 524-by-158-meter square at Isfahan and began the Masjed-e Shah there in 1611; deported Julfa Armenians carried his silk.
· 1611Thomas Roe first saw Jahangir at Ajmer on January 10, 1616, with a coach and virginals. He left in 1618 with farmans, not the sealed treaty he had drafted.
· 1616In Luanda in 1622, Njinga secured a Portuguese withdrawal and recognition of Ndongo's sovereignty from Governor Correia de Sousa, per the SciELO account.
· 1622The Vasa Museum says the warship foundered minutes into its 1628 voyage. The inquest found no one guilty; Franzén found the wreck in 1956, raised in 1961.
· 1628Pelsaert's journal records the Batavia's grounding on Morning Reef in 1629, the mutiny that followed, its trial, and the wreck's 1963 rediscovery.
· 1629Mumtaz Mahal died at Burhanpur on June 17, 1631. Indian government sites date the Taj Mahal to 1631-1648 and 1653; its dome calligraphy is signed 1638.
· 1632A fire started outside Istanbul's Cibali gate on September 2, 1633, and burned a fifth of the city. The same day, Murad IV ordered the coffeehouses shut.
· 1633Fasilides settled the moving Ethiopian court at Gondar in 1636. His walled enclosure, Fasil Ghebbi, held castles built by the emperors after him.
· 1636The Sher-Dor madrasa in Samarkand carries a portal mosaic of a beast chasing deer under a human-faced sun, built for governor Yalangtush Bahadur by 1636.
· 1636An orphan sale at Alkmaar on February 5, 1637, raised about 90,000 guilders for tulip bulbs. Krelage, Garber, Goldgar and Thompson trace what happened before and after.
· 1637Thunberg put Dejima at about 600 feet by 120. Nagasaki merchants built it in 1634–1636 and let it to the Dutch East India Company from 1641 to 1859.
· 1641Tasman's ships anchored in Golden Bay on December 18, 1642. A canoe rammed the Zeehaen's boat next morning; four men died and Tasman left without landing.
· 1642On April 5 and 6, 1660, Khoekhoe leaders at Table Bay asked the Dutch East India Company who should give way on their land. A wild-almond hedge followed.
· 1652Hamel's 1668 Journael counts 36 survivors of the Sperwer's 64; the Jeju magistrate's 1653 report in the Sillok counts 38. Thirteen years; eight escaped.
· 1653The London Gazette no. 85 dated the fire to 1 a.m. on September 2, 1666, in Pudding Lane. An Act of 1666 set a yearly fast and ordered a pillar.
· 1666Letters from Ram Singh's staff, a Mughal chronicle of 1710 and a Maratha bakhar give Shivaji's 1666 escape from Agra different dates and routes home.
· 1666Arrested runners with knotted cords moved the Pueblo Revolt from August 13 to August 10, 1680; Otermín fled Santa Fe and Spain stayed away twelve years.
· 1680Two Jesuits, Tomás Pereira and Jean-François Gerbillon, put the 1689 Qing-Russian talks at Nerchinsk into Latin, the language both sides depended on.
· 1689A 1692 Salem warrant named Sarah Good on suspicion of witchcraft. Massachusetts cleared its last conviction from that court in 2022.
· 1692An inscription dated April 11, 1593, and a 33-month Omani siege that ended in 1698 mark Fort Jesus, Mombasa, and the frigate that sank offshore in 1697.
· 1696Mount Fuji erupted from a new southeast vent on December 16, 1707, for 16 days. Ash buried Subashiri and fell on Edo; a levy and floods followed.
· 1707Peter I ordered Prince Bekovich-Cherkassky to turn the Amu Darya and win the khan of Khiva. In 1717 his force was divided into five and destroyed.
· 1717How many died in Lisbon on November 1, 1755? Pombal told his governors 6,000 to 8,000; NOAA lists 50,000, then 60,000 to 100,000. No register was kept.
· 1755
