The Americas in the early modern world (1500 – 1800). Oceans became highways, gunpowder empires rose, and the scientific revolution began. These articles cover the three centuries in which the world's regions first became one system.
Cortés's letter of October 30, 1520 gave Tenochtitlan four causeways and a market of 60,000 a day. Modern studies put the city near 200,000 people.
· 1519Pizarro seized Atahualpa at Cajamarca on November 16, 1532, after plague and civil war had split the Inca; the conquest itself took until 1572.
· 1532Potosí silver, found in 1545 and refined with mercury by forced mita labor, sailed to Seville and, on Manila galleons, to China, the era's silver sink.
· 1572Finished at Tlatelolco in 1577 by Sahagún and Nahua scholars, ordered to Spain by Philip II, in Medici hands by 1587, in Florence from 1783, online 2023.
· 1577John White found the word CROATOAN carved on a post at Roanoke in 1590, three years after his 1587 colonists, including newborn Virginia Dare, vanished.
· 1587Arrested runners with knotted cords moved the Pueblo Revolt from August 13 to August 10, 1680; Otermín fled Santa Fe and Spain stayed away twelve years.
· 1680A 1692 Salem warrant named Sarah Good on suspicion of witchcraft. Massachusetts cleared its last conviction from that court in 2022.
· 1692
