Articles about culture & ideas across every continent and era, oldest first.
In English the chiefs ceded sovereignty; in Māori they gave kāwanatanga and kept tino rangatiratanga. The Waitangi Tribunal has judged the gap since 1975.
· 1840Rawlinson copied the Behistun inscription between 1835 and 1847; in 1857 four sealed translations of one Assyrian text tested the decipherment.
· 1847The English text of Perry's 1854 treaty ends with "Done at Kanagawa" and one signature. Two ports, shipwrecked sailors, a toy railroad, 200 rice bundles.
· 1854Darwin's diary says the 1,250 copies of the Origin sold on publication day, November 24, 1859; Murray's trade sale had already taken orders for 1,500.
· 1859The oath sworn in the Meiji emperor's name in April 1868, its five clauses, and the 22 years from Fushimi to the first Imperial Diet of 1890.
· 1868Kume Kunitake published the Iwakura Mission's official record in 1878; the National Diet Library gives the mission's 1871 departure and aims.
· 1871Stanley's book gives November 10, 1871, for the Ujiji meeting; his own dispatch said November 3, and Livingstone's diary points to late October.
· 1871The April 25, 1915 landing was the first major action of Australia's and New Zealand's own forces; 8,709 Australians and 2,779 New Zealanders died there.
· 1915On March 1, 1919, 33 Korean leaders read a declaration of independence at the Taehwagwan and surrendered; students marched from Tapgol Park and Korea rose.
· 1919The Butler Act banned teaching evolution in Tennessee schools. The 1925 Scopes trial ended in a $100 fine, reversed in 1927 on a jury technicality.
· 1925A Bedouin shepherd found seven scrolls in a Qumran cave in 1947. A 1954 Wall Street Journal advertisement offered four of them for sale.
· 1947A coded cable told The Times of the first Everest ascent, and the paper printed it on the coronation morning, June 2, 1953.
· 1953From 1966 to 1973 David Whitehouse dug Siraf, a Persian Gulf port, and found Chinese stoneware in a mosque platform of about 800. Its end is still argued.
· 1966José Garanger dug 118 square meters at Mangaasi on Efate in 1966–67 and named a pottery style. Re-excavation from 1996 put Erueti ware before it.
· 1967On March 8, 1960, UNESCO's director-general launched an appeal to save Nubia's monuments from the Aswan High Dam. Abu Simbel's temples rose 65 meters by 1968.
· 1968At 102:45:58 on July 20, 1969, Armstrong radioed that the Eagle had landed. The transcript, the 1202 alarms, the fuel calls and quarantine to August 10.
· 1969
