Record · Modern era · Africa
Three dates, one handshake: Stanley meets Livingstone, 1871
Stanley's book gives November 10, 1871, for the Ujiji meeting; his own dispatch said November 3, and Livingstone's diary points to late October.
· 1871Modern era Africa
Africa in the modern era (1800 – 1914). Revolutions, industry, nation-states and empires that spanned the globe. These articles cover the long nineteenth century.
Record · Modern era · Africa
"Every record . . . has been lost": Isandlwana, London Gazette, 1879
On February 3, 1879, Chelmsford wrote that every record of No. 3 Column was lost. The Gazette printed the dead by name; the Commons divided 246 to 306.
· 1879
Record · Modern era · Africa
Did the Berlin Conference really carve up Africa?
The General Act signed in Berlin on February 26, 1885, drew no borders. It set trade and river rules; the partition came by treaty and war in the years to 1914.
· 1885
Record · Modern era · Africa
Rinderpest in Africa, 1889-1897, from Eritrea to the Cape
Rinderpest reached Africa with the Italian invasion of Eritrea in 1889, killed 90 to 95 percent of cattle by 1896, and was declared eradicated worldwide in 2011.
· 1889
Record · Modern era · Africa
Article 17, two texts: the treaty clause behind Adwa, March 1, 1896
Article 17 of Wuchale says Menelik "consents" to use Italy in foreign business. Rome told the powers it would conduct it. Adwa decided which word stood.
· 1896
Record · Modern era · Africa
Nine by the palace clock: Zanzibar, August 27, 1896, in 37 minutes
Rawson's ultimatum to Khalid bin Barghash ran out at nine on August 27, 1896. Lyne, a Zanzibar official, timed the bombardment at thirty-seven minutes.
· 1896