Oceania in the modern era (1800 – 1914). Revolutions, industry, nation-states and empires that spanned the globe. These articles cover the long nineteenth century.
In English the chiefs ceded sovereignty; in Māori they gave kāwanatanga and kept tino rangatiratanga. The Waitangi Tribunal has judged the gap since 1975.
· 1840A 30-shilling license, a charter adopted on Bakery Hill on November 11, 1854, a stockade stormed on December 3 and 13 treason trials that convicted no one.
· 1854On January 17, 1893, Queen Liliʻuokalani yielded Hawaiʻi under protest to US troops. Cleveland called it an act of war; Congress apologized in 1993.
· 1893
